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April 10, 2022 by Luis F. Dominguez Uncategorized 0 comments

Internal Organs in Spanish: A Complete Vocabulary Guide

Every time you try to learn about inside body parts in Spanish, do you feel like you’re applying to med school? 

If you’re looking to increase your vocabulary about organs in Spanish but don’t want to get too technical, this is the blog post for you.

Keep reading to learn about the internal organs in Spanish in a practical and simple way! 


Table of Contents:

  • Why Learn About Body Parts and Internal Organs in Spanish?
  • List of Body Organs in Spanish 
  • Learn the Inside Body Parts in Spanish and Improve Your Language Skills

Why Learn About Body Parts and Internal Organs in Spanish?

Learning a language is a process that involves many aspects. Among the most significant ones are grammar rules, pronunciation, reading and listening comprehension, and vocabulary. 

Without knowing the Spanish words to name things, you can’t hold a conversation or understand what someone tries to tell you. That’s why here at the HSA blog, we’ve been tirelessly working to provide you with all the vocabulary you need, from sports terms to accounting words, and, yes, even body parts.

Learning about body parts and internal organs in Spanish is important not only for people working in the medical sector, but also for anyone who goes to the doctor or travels in a Spanish-speaking country. So, basically everybody. It’s part of the deal, if you’re learning Spanish you need to learn this vocabulary. 

Without knowing the Spanish words to name things, you can’t hold a conversation or understand what someone tries to tell you.

List of Body Organs in Spanish 

To help you organize your learning process, I’ve distributed this comprehensive list of organs into the six main systems of the human body. 

For each organ I’m including its name in English, its Spanish translation, and a brief description of what it does. 

The Digestive System

Let’s start with the digestive system, which is responsible for processing food and “absorbing and moving the nutrients to where they are needed.” The digestive system contains the gastrointestinal tract (made up of a series of hollow organs), the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder.

OrganFunction
anus – el anoLets stool out of the body
appendix – el apéndiceUnknown
cecum – el ciegoAbsorbs fluids and salts
colon – el colon Removes water and nutrients from partially digested food
duodenum – el duodenoBeginning absorption of nutrients
esophagus – el esófagoMoves food and liquids through the gastrointestinal tract
ileum – el íleonAbsorbs nutrients and water from food
jejunum – el yeyunoHelps digest food.
large intestine – el intestino gruesoTurns food waste into stool
liver – el hígadoProcesses the blood, breaking down and creating nutrients
mouth – la bocaChews food
pancreas – el páncreasMakes enzymes to break down sugars, fats, and starches
rectum – el rectoHolds stool until evacuation
small intestine – el intestino delgadoAbsorbs nutrients and water from food
stomach – el estómagoMixes food with digestive juice
The Digestive System infographic

The Respiratory System

The respiratory system is “the network of organs and tissues that help you breathe.” The organs that make up the respiratory system are responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. 

OrganFunction
air sacs (alveoli) – los alveólosMoves oxygen and carbon dioxide into and out of the bloodstream
diaphragm – el diafragmaHelps with inhaling and exhaling
epiglottis – la epiglotisPrevents food and drink from entering the windpipe
large airways (bronchi) – los bronquiolosCarries air into the lungs
lungs – los pulmonesMoves fresh air into the body and removes gas waste
mouth – la bocaLets air in and out
nasal cavity – la cavidad nasalFilters and moisturizes the air before it goes to the lungs
nose – la narizLets air in and out
sinuses – los senos paranasalesMoisturizes the inside of the nose
small airways (bronchioles) – los bronquiolosCarries air into the alveoli
throat (pharynx) – la garganta (la faringe)Carries air into the larynx
voice box (larynx) – la laringe Carries air into the trachea
windpipe (trachea) – la tráqueaCarries air in and out of the lungs
The Respiratory System infographic

The Circulatory System

The circulatory system, also known as the cardiovascular system, “transports oxygen and other nutrients to all the organs and tissues in your body.” It’s made up of the heart and blood vessels.  

OrganFunction
arteries – las arteriasCarries oxygenated blood to the body organs
capillaries – los capilaresFacilitates exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste between the circulatory system, organs, and tissues.
heart – el corazónPumps blood throughout the body
veins – las venasCarries deoxygenated blood back to the heart
The Circulatory System infographic

The Muscular System

The muscular system “converts chemical energy from food into mechanical energy.” It’s responsible for movement, support, protection, heat generation, and blood circulation. There are 700 muscles in the human body, but you don’t need to know them all unless you want to become a doctor. 

However, it’s important for you to know that three types of muscles exist: visceral, cardiac, and skeletal. 

OrganFunction
biceps – el bícepsHelps with arm lifting and pulling movements
cardiac muscles – los músculos cardíacosMakes the heart contract and expand 
deltoid – el deltoidesHelps to move the arms
pectoralis – el pectoralHelps to move the arms
quadriceps – el cuadrícepsHelps to move the legs
rectus abdominus – el recto abdominalMoves the body between the rib cage and the pelvis
skeletal muscles – los músculos esqueléticosCreates movement in the body
tendons – los tendonesConnects muscles to bones
visceral muscles – los músculos visceralesMakes organs contract to move substances through them
The Muscular System infographic

The Nervous System

The nervous system is “responsible for the control of the body and communication among its parts.” The nervous system is divided into two parts: 

  • The central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)
  • The peripheral nervous system (nerves and ganglia)

Learn more detailed vocabulary about the brain and nervous system here.

OrganFunction
brain – el cerebroControls thought, motor skills, memory, and every other process that regulates the body
spinal cord – la espina dorsalCarries nerve signals from the brain to the body and the other way around
nerves – los nerviosSends electrical signals to and from cells, glands, and muscles
ganglia – los gangliosCarries nerve signals to and from the central nervous system 
neurons – las neuronasTransmits information between different areas of the brain
The Nervous System infographic

Learn the Inside Body Parts in Spanish and Improve Your Language Skills

Learning vocabulary about the internal organs in Spanish is an important step in your language learning process. It’s useful knowledge that becomes much more important in specific contexts. 

Practice at home this newly acquired vocabulary and keep improving your language skills. Remember that learning Spanish opens many doors for you, including the opportunity to get better jobs and to communicate with millions of people in the U.S. 

Sign up today for a free trial class at HSA with one of our certified, native Spanish speaking teachers from Guatemala. We teach over 24,000 actively enrolled students every month and offer flexible scheduling, and tailored Spanish programs. 

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Luis F. Dominguez
Freelance Writer at Homeschool Spanish Academy
Luis F. Domínguez is a freelance writer and independent journalist interested in travel, languages, art, books, history, philosophy, politics and sports. He has written for Fodor’s, Yahoo!, Sports Illustrated, Telemundo, and Villa Experience, among other brands of print and digital media in Europe and North America.
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