• Programs
    • Preschool
    • Elementary School
    • Middle School
    • High School
    • Adults
    • School Solutions
  • School Solutions
  • Pricing
  • How it Works
  • Testimonials
  • Blog
  • Contact
  • My Cart
  • Login
  • Try a Free Class
logo

855-997-4652 LOGINTRY A FREE CLASS

  • Programs
    • Preschool
    • Elementary School
    • Middle School
    • High School
    • Adults
    • School Solutions
  • School Solutions
  • Pricing
  • How it Works
  • Testimonials
  • Blog
  • Contact
  • My Cart
  • Login
  • Try a Free Class
  • Programs
    • Preschool
    • Elementary School
    • Middle School
    • High School
    • Adults
    • School Solutions
  • School Solutions
  • Pricing
  • How it Works
  • Testimonials
  • Blog
  • Contact
  • My Cart
  • Login
  • Try a Free Class
logo

855-997-4652 LOGINTRY A FREE CLASS

  • Programs
    • Preschool
    • Elementary School
    • Middle School
    • High School
    • Adults
    • School Solutions
  • School Solutions
  • Pricing
  • How it Works
  • Testimonials
  • Blog
  • Contact
  • My Cart
  • Login
  • Try a Free Class
October 26, 2019 by Ashley Reid Spanish Grammar 0 comments

Easy Cognates for the Beginning Spanish Learner

Learning Spanish can be tough at times—verb conjugations, irregular verbs, subjunctive mood, and articles can trip up the most astute of Spanish learners. One thing that seems to facilitate the learning adventure is the hundreds of similar-sounding words in English and Spanish. These words, called cognates, are words that are either spelled the same or similar and often sound alike in both languages. Because English and Spanish have some of the same roots, there are numerous cognates that make communicating in Spanish a lot easier. (Don’t mind the false cognates just yet!)

When I first immersed myself in Spanish conversation, I understood a lot more than I expected because of cognates! Even though I hadn’t necessarily studied certain words, I was able to pick up on their meaning because the familiar structure and pronunciation reflected their English counterparts. Thanks to this blog post, you can do the same! 

spanish cognates

Get Your Free Spanish eBook

Before you jump in to learn all about cognates, get your free eBook! Homeschool Spanish Academy’s free eBook called Weird & Wacky Spanish Stories for Beginners is best suited for A2 level and above, but it’s also perfect for A1 learners who wish to improve their fluency through reading. It’s fun for kids and adults!

Suspenseful and silly stories, great pictures, and English-Spanish parallel text await you!

spanish stories for beginners free ebook

Get Your Free Copy of Weird & Wacky Spanish Stories for Beginners

Type in your name and email to get 6 weird, wacky, and super entertaining Spanish stories for you and your family! Enjoy a magazine-style eBook with pictures and English-Spanish parallel text. Start reading in Spanish today!

Identical Spanish and English Cognates

Back to cognates! Let’s look at some that are spelled exactly the same, but have a different pronunciation:

identical cognates

As you can see from these examples, while the cognates are spelled the same, the Spanish pronunciation is slightly different, mainly because of the vowels. Also, note that some cognates add an accent in Spanish!

-O/-A Cognates

Have you ever just added an o to the end of an English word to make its Spanish equivalent? While this doesn’t always work, there is some truth to it.

Noun Cognates

Let’s check out some nouns that can be changed into a Spanish word with just adding an –o or –a to the end:

nouns

Minor Spelling Changes

Now, the following words sound like you just add o or a to the English word, when in reality the spelling changes a bit more than that. Check them out!

-o / -a

Did you see how some vowels change or disappear, like in blusa and pingüino? In certain words, a ph is replaced by an f, like in teléfono, or a letter is added, like in carro. Either way, these words are extremely similar in both spelling and pronunciation.

Adjective Cognates

All the words we’ve looked at so far are nouns, or sustantivos. Many more adjectives—adjetivos (another example of cognates!)—follow the rule of “just add an –o or –a.” Let’s see some examples:

adjectives

Look for Patterns

Can you find any patterns to help you know which English adjectives just add an –o in Spanish? Here’s a hint: What do most of the English words end in? Yes! Most of them end in “-ic” or “-al.” The ones that end in “-ic” just need an –o added on to the end (and sometimes an accent mark) to turn them into their Spanish equivalent. For the words that end in “-al,” we need to take away those last two letters before adding on the –o. 

Adjective-Noun Agreement

Keep in mind that these adjectives will not always end in –o. You may remember that adjectives in Spanish change to agree with the noun. If the noun is feminine, the adjective will end in –a; if the noun is plural, the adjective will end need an –s at the end.

Ella es muy romántica. Él es muy romántico.

Ellas son muy románticas. Ellos son muy románticos.

So, while these cognates are pretty simple to form, they always change to maintain the noun-adjective agreement!

Tilde Adds Emphasis

Also, did you happen to notice that every Spanish word has an accent mark on the third to last syllable? Don’t forget those crucial tildes!

-Y to -IA Cognates

Are there more patterns to making Spanish cognates, you ask? Why, of course! This next group of words is more nouns whose English “-y” converts to a Spanish –ia. Check out how easy it is to make their Spanish equivalent:

-y to ia

As you can see, in order to make the Spanish cognates, you keep the base of the word but change the “-y” to –ia. Be attentive to pronunciation changes—some words have an accent on the final i.

-ANCE to -ANCIA Cognates

Another group of cognates changes to an –ia at the end of a word. Check out these nouns!

-ance to ancia cognates

-ITY to -IDAD Cognates

Not all English words that end in “-y” end in –ia in Spanish. For those words nouns that end in “-ity,” the rule is a little different. The “-ity” becomes –idad. Practice with these examples:

-ity to idad

-TION to -CIÓN Cognates

One more cognate group of nouns to go; these are probably some of the most well-known ones:

Back to Adjective Cognates

Phew! That’s a lot of noun cognates! Do you remember talking about some adjective cognates in Spanish? Well, there’s more. Let’s take a look.

-OUS to -OSO Cognates

English words that end in “-ous” can change in two different ways in Spanish, either changing that ending to a -oso or just add an –o.

-ous to -oso cognates

-OUS to -O Cognates

Remember, the –o ending is for adjectives that describe masculine words. If it describes a feminine or plural noun, the ending will be slightly different.

-ous to -o cognates

Verb Cognates

Alright, we’ve looked at cognates with nouns and adjectives, but what about verbs? That’s right—many verbs are cognates as well. Before we start, do you remember the infinitive verb endings in Spanish? They are -ar, -er, and -ir. So, when we talk about verb cognates, we are referring to verbs in English that can be changed into Spanish verbs by just adding one of the infinitive endings. The trick is to know which one!

verb

Cognates Without a Pattern

Not every cognate follows a rule or pattern. Some words are unique, but are still cognates nonetheless!

More cognates

Your Turn!

Wow! So many cognates exist in English and Spanish, including countless more beyond this starter guide. Now you know some of the main patterns that form Spanish cognates and you can use them as needed in a conversation.

The ultimate tip is: if you are not sure how to say a word in Spanish, try forming a cognate!

Evade Mistakes

Trust me, if you make a mistake with cognates, you won’t be the first one! But, before you hit the ground running with your new cognate-forming skills, let me warn you—exceptions and false cognates are lurking everywhere. Catch up on false cognates before you travel to a Spanish-speaking country or start talking to a group of Spanish-speaking friends. (Luckily, people are pretty forgiving about mistakes in this area.)

Practice Live

Warm-up your skills by practicing with a native Spanish speaker for free in a trial class at Homeschool Spanish Academy (you know you want to!). Our teachers will happily give you more cognates and help you with your pronunciation!

sign up for a free spanish class
Sign up for your FREE TRIAL CLASS today!

Want more Spanish grammar? Check these out!

  • What are Spanish ‘Go Verbs’?
  • All About the Future Perfect Tense in Spanish
  • 38 Regular IR and ER Verbs in Spanish You Can Master Today
  • Entender Conjugation: Free Spanish Lesson and PDF
  • Ir + a + Infinitive: The Near Future Tense in Spanish
  • 9 Coordinating Conjunctions in Spanish Essential to Know
  • Solo vs Solamente: What’s the Difference?
  • A Comprehensive Lesson on Demonstrative Adjectives in Spanish
  • Author
  • Recent Posts
Ashley Reid
Ashley Reid
Freelance Writer at Homeschool Spanish Academy
I have a B.A. in Linguistics and a passion for Spanish. I've lived in Latin America for almost a decade. I'm a freelance writer and ESL teacher, as well as a loving mom and wife. In my free time, I dabble in art and music.
Ashley Reid
Latest posts by Ashley Reid (see all)
  • Ir + a + Infinitive: The Near Future Tense in Spanish - February 26, 2021
  • Latin American Food: 15 Must-Try National Dishes of Latin America - January 2, 2021
  • The Ultimate Guide to Subjunctive Conjugation in Spanish - December 27, 2020
easy spanish learn spanish fast spanish spanish academy spanish cognates spanish conversation
0

Related Posts

Spanish commands

Spanish Commands: How to Form Them and Use Them with Your Crew

February 19, 2019
Read More
Spanish greetings

How Are You? Spanish Greetings

February 6, 2019
Read More
spanish pronouns

Spanish Pronouns

February 11, 2019
Read More
vos in Spanish

Vos and its use in Spanish – Voseo

March 28, 2019
Read More

Leave a Comment! Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Beginner Spanish Books for Middle and High SchoolersPrevious Post
Guatemala: A Glimpse at its Governmental StructureNext Post

About Us

HSA offers Spanish curricula for all ages. Schedule classes on any day of the week – you can take them on your own, or share a class and save money! We make it easy to learn at your own pace. LEARN MORE >

Resources

  • About
  • Get a Transcript
  • Take a Free Class
  • FAQs
  • How it Works
  • Partners

Recent Posts

  • How Families Homeschool High School and Teach World Languages
    How Families Homeschool High School and Teach World Languages
    March 3, 2021
    Are you a parent questioning whether to...
  • 10 Female Hispanic Singers Who Conquered the World
    10 Female Hispanic Singers Who Conquered the World
    March 3, 2021
    If you’re like me, you love Hispanic singers...

Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Contact UsSitemap© 2021 HSA. All rights reserved.